What are oral blue black dots. You may notice them on your skin or mucous membranes (e. Jun 29, 2021 · Petechiae are pinpoint-sized spots of bleeding under the skin or mucous membranes. Bruises. In the later stages, it may also be accompanied by additional symptoms such as pain, ulcers, and bleeding. The colour of blue naevi can also vary, usually being composed of blue to grey Jan 1, 2022 · Signs of Oral Cancers. 5. Jun 8, 2022 · Angiokeratoma. Spot that looks like a new mole, freckle, or age spot, but it looks different from the others on your skin. On the other hand, fungal infections, like Tinea Nigra, can also leave their mark on your nails. Dermosopic findings of Fordyce spots were similar to those described by Jakhar et al. Jul 25, 2022 · Oral lichen planus is a chronic inflammatory condition that affects the mucous membranes inside your mouth. Mar 18, 2024 · Mouth or oral cancer can cause a lot of different physical symptoms, including ulcers, discolored patches, and lumps. difficulty swallowing or speaking. The color may progress from black-and blue to yellow-and-green, and the color may progress down your face onto your neck. Smoker’s melanosis. Border irregularity. Aug 30, 2022 · Oral mucosa changes: pigmentation of the oral mucosa results in a blue-black discolouration of gums and tongue. Nov 28, 2017 · Blue nevus. May 1, 2008 · Bismuth was typically used for the treatment of syphilis, and its administration was associated with diffuse oral pigmentation and formation of a blue-black line at the marginal gingiva. ”. Children with PJS may have dark-blue or black spots (called pigmentation Dec 6, 2019 · Oral lichen planus (LIE-kun PLAY-nus) is an ongoing (chronic) inflammatory condition that affects mucous membranes inside your mouth. Inner cheek (buccal mucosa). geographic tongue. They are classified as generalized lesions, which are diffuse and multifocal, and localized lesions, which are unilateral and involve only one or several locations. Tinnitus (ringing in your ears). Atala (Eumaeus atala) is a common black and blue species in Florida’s subtropical climate. Red, Blue and Purple Vascular Pigmentation. Scarlet fever is a bacterial infection caused by group A Streptococcus (group A strep), the same bacteria that cause strep throat. Throat cancers are caused by smoking, chewing tobacco, excessive alcohol use, and HPV. A dark spot on the lip may appear for a variety of reasons. Maskot / Getty Images. a bad taste. Blue Nevus. At first, the tongue may look white at first and then become red and bumpy. an injury to the affected tooth. Sep 5, 2023 · Generally, they are small bruise-like spots on the skin that look different than typical bruising. This species feeds on many subtropical flowers for their nectar. Deeply situated lesions may appear normal in color, while superficial presentations appear erythematous to blue or purplish depending upon the mix of arterial-capillary-venous vascular channels. Canker Sores. A pale and smooth tongue can be caused by iron deficiency anemia or by pernicious anemia, which is caused by a deficiency of vitamin B12. 11 Sources. Jan 9, 2023 · Dark spots that appear on your mouth or lips have several causes. The pattern of pigmentation may suggest a particular implicated drug; localised pigmentation on the face, lip, or genitalia may suggest a resolved fixed drug eruption. When Aspergillus causes a fungal ear infection, you may see yellow or black dots and fuzzy white patches in your ear canal. Dark specks in the fur of a dog that are not fleas or ticks. Doing this can also cause minor bleeding. Your lesion may have a similar appearance to a freckle on your lip or Apr 30, 2024 · These mutated cells accumulate, forming a tumor that grows in the mouth and often spread to lymph nodes in the neck. Sep 24, 2018 · There’s a small colored square at the bottom and the color, be it black, blue, red, or green, allegedly reveals the ingredients of the toothpaste: green: all natural. People who smoke, have dry mouth or have a weakened immune system are more susceptible to yeast infections that Nov 15, 2022 · Another common cause of dark-colored spots on the lips is irritation that will go away on its own. It is often due to poor oral hygiene which leads to accumulation of oral bacteria and build up of keratin on the tongue surface. & Burkhart NW. Depending on the type of metal implicated, a number of systemic signs and symptoms may be associated with chronic exposure. Lip cancer is a form of cancer that starts in the lips and mouth. An eye injury. 1 A characteristic feature of plumbism (lead poisoning) is the so-called “burtonian line,” a gray linear area of discoloration below the gingival margin 1 Nov 29, 2017 · Penile Melanosis. Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a hereditary condition that causes multiple polyps (abnormal growths) called hamartomas in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. ♦ A growth or lump in the mouth. Jan 26, 2020 · Blue nevi occur at birth or in early childhood. Oral lichen planus isn’t dangerous, but you might need medication to ease your symptoms. Aug 3, 2023 · The black spots in a dog's mouth can be a result of heavy pigmentation. Depending on the cause, the spot may be raised or flat, and the Common reasons for black spots on toenails include trauma to the nail or fungal infections. The different types of May 6, 2022 · The intake of certain medications can cause, as a side effect, the darkening of the gums. It can either be raised or flat, but overall the dark mole is harmless. Heavy metals. But there are other Mar 1, 2023 · Some causes of a black tongue in children are medical while others aren't. These black dots can be caused by: In extremely rare cases the cause of a black spot on the inside of the cheek can be oral cancer, specifically oral melanoma. They run from minor lesions, such as a stain from a dental filling that leaked into your gums (called an amalgam tattoo), to benign Jul 22, 2016 · black, gray, or brown patches; may look like they’re growing hair. It is also sometimes called a labial lentigo and when multiple lesions are present, mucosal melanosis. Our dentists can evaluate your teeth, determine the cause of any dark spots on them, and explain the treatment options available to you. If you have a lesion in your mouth that doesn’t heal in the in the two-week period that is typical for canker sores, it may be a sign of oral cancer. Feb 15, 2022 · The following case presents an asymptomatic oral pigmented lesion of the hard palate discovered during observation in an emergency setting due to an abscess of dental origin. Dehydration. Dome-shaped growth that feels firm and may look like a sore, which Aug 8, 2022 · 1. On dark skin, the patches appear dark brown or black. If you want better dental health and a lower risk of issues, quitting smoking is an excellent place to start. 7 Feb 9, 2024 · Your gums may present with white spots or patches for several reasons. Trauma to the face or mouth. The most severe of the causes, tongue cancer can first physically manifest as black spots or bumps on the tongue. Tinea versicolor occurs more often in teenagers and young adults and appears on the back, neck, upper chest, shoulders, armpits and upper arms. 2. For example, a blue tongue can indicate a lack of oxygen in the blood or eczema. In the ulcerative stage, no characteristic dermoscopic findings were found. If you experience any of these symptoms, please see a dentist as soon as possible. Its wingspan measures at least 1. They are usually caused by an overgrowth of pigment-producing cells in the lining of the mouth. Genetics or various oral health issues may be the cause of this coloring. Black stain, a condition causing black lines or spots on children’s teeth, especially near the gumline, is an intriguing dental issue. Oral melanoacanthoma. It is the name for a freckle arising on the lip. Sometimes, they result from external factors like food particles or stains. Medical conditions May 5, 2022 · Mucoscopy revealed the presence of brownish-black, gray, and steel blue dots conforming to the study by Kumar Jha et al. Found mostly on the: Tongue; Gingiva (gums) Buccal Mucosa (Inside cheeks) Hard Palate (Roof of the mouth) Oral Cancer Jul 27, 2020 · Melasma is a common skin disorder. Dec 6, 2018 · Discoloration of the penis. This condition is characterized by a brown to black colored flat patch usually seen on the shaft of the penis. You can request an appointment online now or call our office at 215-898-7337. Fever. Loosely translated, the word means “black spot. smooth in appearance. Trauma could be as simple as stubbing your toe or as complex as constant pressure on the nails from ill-fitting shoes. The most common signs and symptoms of oral cancer include: black gums or dark brown spots. Early cases of oral cancer can range in color from an unpigmented white to dark brown to blue black. 4% to 18% of kids across both sexes. They can Black and brown pigmentation of the oral mucosa can occur due to a multitude of non-neoplastic causes. If caused by a medication, speak to your doctor These black dots can be caused by: Drugs (prescription, over-the-counter and illegal) Smoking and tobacco products. During sexual arousal, the penis can take on a reddish, almost purple color because of the increased blood flow to its blood vessels and glands. Malodor in smokers is the result of nicotine in tobacco products which increases the blood supply and reduces the coral pink color of the gums. They are generally round or oval in shape. 3. Spot that has a jagged border, more than one color, and is growing. 1. Roof of the mouth (hard or soft palate). When you wipe the lesions away, they leave a red, raw base. Any change in size, shape, color or elevation of a spot on your skin, or any new symptom in it, such as bleeding, itching or crusting, may be a warning sign of melanoma. Oral cancer is curable if detected at an early stage. Drinking or eating something with natural colors that stain (like blackberries) Among medical causes, they can either be related to illnesses or medications. There can be many reasons why you have temporary black spots on your tongue that look hairy. If you notice a change in the color of your dog’s tongue, it’s best to make an appointment with your vet as Apr 24, 2024 · Oral thrush looks like white spots or lesions on the tongue, palate, or buccal mucosa (lining of the cheek and back of the lips). 9 The importance of oral mucosal Mar 19, 2020 · A blue nevus is typically blue or gray, but it can sometimes be yellowish-brown. Exposure of your mouth to pigment produced outside the body can lead to discoloration in the form of dark or spots on the gums. Oral lichen planus may appear as white, lacy patches; red, swollen tissues; or open sores. Smoking is one of the many factors associated with oral cancer. This condition, often overlooked, can be a source of concern for parents noticing these unusual markings on their child’s Phidippus audax, the Bold jumper or Daring jumping spider, is a common species of spider belonging to the genus Phidippus, a group of jumping spiders easily identified by their large eyes and their iridescent chelicerae. Most of the time, they do not need treatment, but they can sometimes be a symptom of an underlying condition. Black spots on your gums are usually harmless. May 30, 2021 · The spots could as well appear under or on its lateral sides. Melanotic macule. The black spots will appear almost like mold forming on the tongue. And like other cancers, a large amount of effort has been dedicated to determining causes and improving treatments. Mar 8, 2019 · chemical peels. Fissure: Straight breaks in the skin that go deeper than the top layer of skin into the second layer of skin. This occurs when one of your mucous membranes produces more pigment (melanin) than typical. ♦ Difficulty or pain when swallowing. Some people opt for treatment if the bumps bleed, cause pain or affect appearance. Or, your oral tissues may be bright red in some areas. They may be caused by mild bruises, moles, and melanotic macules. This article discusses what mouth cancer looks like and how you can self-screen for this type of cancer at home. [5,6] Oral melanin pigmentation has been reported even among healthy individuals of the dark skinned African population to the prevalence of 100% and in Asians between 30% and 98%. Clinically, they represent a sharply circumscribed, mostly firm nodule of a few millimeters in diameter, which typically has a blue-black to gray-black color because of the melanin deeply located within the dermis (Fig. After the process the mouth’s mucosal irritation could result consequently leading to loss of pigment particularly at the piercing spot. 5 inches and can sometimes reach 2 inches. White lesions in the oral cavity can benign in nature, caused by trauma (e. bleeding or numbness in your mouth. Melanoma is a serious form of skin cancer. Follicular casting is the build up of surface skin cells and keratin debris that builds up as waxy debris around the hair shaft. Non-medical causes include: Drinking or eating something with a black dye or food coloring. In childhood, focused red or blue-purple pigmentation of the oral tissues can often be a congenital vascular lesion, such as hemangioma, presenting as benign proliferation of vascular What is a labial melanotic macule? A labial melanotic macule is a well-defined, oval, brown to black, flat patch on the central third of the lower lip. Color changes. The condition of hyperpigmentation occurs when melanocytes produce an excess pigment called melanin. Severe ear pain. Jan 29, 2019 · The majority of oral mucosal lesions are small and superficial, but they can present as large, bulky tumors involving deep submucosal structures. Symptoms of scarlet fever include changes in the mouth, including the tongue. Most commonly found in women and children, blue nevus is a non-cancerous mole that pops up on your gums. An oral melanotic macule appears as a brown or grayish-brown macule (a small flat, smooth area of skin or mucosa) usually less than 7 mm in diameter. Flagellate pigmentation is a feature of a bleomycin eruption. Black stains on the gums are just one of the many oral health problems linked to cigarette usage. Melanoma is a skin cancer that can show up on the skin in many ways. small size. cheek biting), infection (e. An old filling (also known as a dental amalgam)pushing into the gums. g. Depending on the location and amount of melanin in the tissues, melanin induced pigmentation can be either black, gray, blue or brown in color. Your dentist can check it out and give you some tips for preventing irritation. Tongue Cancer. Melanin is a pigment known to give the skin and hair its dark color. Black spots on the tongue can often be the result of a fungal infection. If you or your child have petechiae that spread quickly, or if you have dots plus other symptoms, seek medical attention. People can have more than one oral melanotic macule. The 9 Best Habits to Make Your Lungs Stronger, from Doctors. Mucoscopy can help in quick confirmation of diagnosis and Oct 10, 2023 · Excoriation : Straight scratches that result in the loss of the top layer of skin. Feb 15, 2018 · Angiokeratoma is a condition in which small, dark spots appear on the skin. chronic sore throat. There are several possible causes of purpuras, ranging from the use of Oct 12, 2022 · A torn retina can cause dark spots in your vision or flashes of light. Oral cancer. Dec 21, 2023 · A yeast infection known as oral thrush can affect the mouth and tongue. While not extremely common, it affects about 2. Inner cheek cancer (also called buccal mucosa cancer) is a type of head and neck cancer that begins when the cells that make up the inner cheek grow out of control and form lesions or tumors. Note that some soft tissue enlargements are pigmented, but they are discussed under Soft Tissue Enlargements. Jun 1, 2015 · The term leukoplakia was previously used to describe all white lesions of the oral cavity, however, it is now used to describe white lesions of idiopathic origin. May 24, 2017 · 1. Injury from graphite pencil. The lesion may eventually open, bleed, and swell. blue: natural plus medicine The mouth may have dark blue or black areas due to silver amalgam from a dental filling, graphite from falling with a pencil in the mouth, or a mole. Besides increasing risks of oral infections, tongue piercing is a possible cause for the formation of dark pigments or spots. Treatment will depend on the size and May 28, 2024 · Pigmentation most commonly causes a black tongue in dogs. brown, black, tan, red, blue, and even white, often Nov 29, 2019 · Black tongue is a harmless and temporary oral condition. Brown areas in the mouth can be hereditary. tartar buildup on the tooth. staining Mar 4, 2024 · Sun exposure, use of oils on the skin, naturally oily skin and sweating are all suspected to be triggers that can cause the round or oval yeast to convert to its hyphae form, resulting in the rash. Jan 25, 2024 · Gums (gingiva). Lichenification : A rough thickening of the top layer of skin. pain or soreness inside Mar 5, 2024 · When bacteria accumulate on the surface of the teeth, they can form plaque, leading to decay over time. Jul 12, 2023 · FAQ. Sources outside the body can also affect your body's production or regulation of pigment or iron, leading to a change in color. Chapped lips can start to peel, and you may bite pigmentation appears as a blue–black line along the gingi-val margin and seems to be proportional to the amount of gingival inflammation. Most blue nevi are located on the extremities or in the head and neck area. The purple, red or brown dots are not raised or itchy, and they’re not a rash. Nearsightedness. 1 The pigmented area may look irregular and can be confused with a penile tumor. Such a patch is usually harmless and does not require treatment. lichen planus). [1] [2] Like all jumping spiders, they have excellent stereoscopic vision that aids them in stalking prey and facilitates Mar 15, 2024 · The colored circles on food packages can come in a variety of colors: pink, yellow, blue, black, orange, purple, or green, in varying shades of light and dark. If you notice these warning signs and symptoms, or see anything NEW, CHANGING or UNUSUAL on your skin see a dermatologist promptly. The mouth may have dark blue or black areas due to silver amalgam from a dental filling, graphite from falling with a pencil in the mouth, or a mole. Mar 13, 2013 · Blue, brown, grey and black discolourations, along with vascular lesions, are all found in the oral mucosa. These melanoma pictures can help show you what to look for. Dec 16, 2023 · Melanoma pictures for self-examination. irregularly shaped The common blue naevus is a solitary, bluish, smooth surfaced macule, papule or plaque. It often can be cured if found early. Another cause may be immune thrombocytopenia, in which the body’s immune system attacks and destroys platelets by mistake, leading to greater platelet breakdown. A feeling of fullness in your ears. The cellular blue naevus is more nodular and is at least 1 cm in diameter. Heavy cigarette smoking can lead to dark brown or black discoloration (usually of the gums) called smoker’s melanosis. These waxy plugs or casts can be seen riding up the hair shafts and can look like black or dark colored specks in the fur. On light skin, purpuras appear purple. Factors that increase your risk of a retinal tear may include: Age. They can appear as flat patches or freckle-like spots. The main characteristics of a common blue nevus include: round or oval shape. Blood conditions such as thrombocytopenia and amyloidosis can create red/purple areas in your mouth. As decay progresses, it may manifest as black spots or dots on the enamel. Certain glaucoma medications that constrict the pupil. topical creams. The appearance of oral cancer in the mouth can differ depending on the stage. Oral contraceptives of the combined type are the most common example. It can look like a: Changing mole. Not drinking enough liquids or being out in the sun and wind can leave your lips dry and chapped. candidiasis), or mucocutaneous lesions (e. However May 1, 2013 · The most common intraoral type of nevus is the intramucosal nevus followed by the blue nevus. ores that don’t heal properly. Apr 24, 2024 · Summary. In rare cases, a dark spot can also be a sign of oral melanoma, which can present as a black or brown spot that may change in shape or size. Feb 1, 2024 · Lip discoloration treatment. Moist external heat will assist in resolving the surgically created bruise. , inside your mouth). Smoking is a cause of smoker's melanosis which appears as dark spots on the gums or oral pigmentation of the entire oral cavity. Sep 20, 2023 · Symptoms and traits to look out for include: raised or flat shape, often with irregular shape and borders, sometimes on an existing or new mole. It is a very common oral condition and affects 13% of the world population. There are many reasons for a spot on the lip, including acne, moles, angiomas, milia, or cold sores. The American Academy of Dermatology advises watching skin spots for: Asymmetry. . Diameter greater than 1/4 inch (about 6 millimeters). It may resemble genital warts. Apparently, those colored shapes are Black hairy tongue is a harmless condition which causes blackening pigmentation on the dorsum of the tongue. Hearing loss. Physiologic, reactive, and idiopathic melanin production seen in smoker's melanosis, drug-related Dec 3, 2020 · Some of the most common causes of a black or brown spot on your tooth may be due to the following: tooth decay or a cavity. Some people develop: Dizziness. If you have unusual or persistent symptoms suggestive of throat cancer, speak to your healthcare provider about getting further testing. It usually occurs due to a buildup of the protein keratin on the tongue’s surface. It has a well-defined border and a uniform color. The way the spots look and feel can help determine the underlying cause. Mar 14, 2019 · Hyperpigmentation of the tongue can cause black dots to show up on a tip, on the side, under or the entire surface of your tongue. Oral lichen planus can't be passed from one person to another. Jun 9, 2018 · Brown or black dots on the baby’s tongue can appear because of several reasons: They are more likely spots of baby’s pigmentation, usually inherited from the darker-skinned parents; They are small blood clots from irritation; They appear after taking iron vitamins and supplements; They are stains from the growing bacteria. Also, if you have been on a course of antibiotics, the changes in yeast or Dec 31, 2007 · Dark spots in your mouth can be caused by a variety of things. What causes Colored Areas? Red/Purple Areas are most often an indication of inflammation, infection, trauma or surface blood vessels. Oral melanoma can appear white and unpigmented, dark brown, or a blue black color. The average age of those diagnosed with oral cancer is 63. 5–1 cm in diameter. Changes in tongue color can indicate an underlying health issue, such as an infection. Enlarged capillaries can form angiokeratomas, wart-like bumps, under your skin. 3,4. Figure 1: Courtesy of Dr. Other symptoms include: ♦ Loose teeth. Early signs and symptoms can include sores or lumps on the lips or in the mouth. Changes in pigmentation, such as black spots or patches on the gums, may be caused by the chemicals in cigarette smoke. They can be painful and can be caused by excessive dryness. Aug 16, 2017 · Along with the black patches on your tongue, you may have bad breath and a metallic taste in your mouth. Lesions associated with oral thrush often have a consistency similar to cottage cheese. In some cases, blood can leak into the gel and cause you to suddenly see a lot of floaters. The most common type — angiokeratoma of Fordyce — forms red or black bumps on your scrotum or vulva. However, if their tongue has always been pink and turns black or develops black spots, this could be a sign of conditions like oral melanoma, canine stomatitis, or dry mouth. However, not all black spots on teeth are indicative of decay. By far, the most common cause is known as a melanotic macule or non-cancerous hyperpigmentation of a mucous membrane. A small bit of color in the mouths of some breeds Pigmented surface lesions of oral mucosa appear blue, brown, or black. Michael Kahn from: Delong L. Takeaway. Endogenous or exogenous pigments may be responsible for oral discoloration which can range from innocuous to life-threatening in nature. Feb 17, 2024 · Like other forms of melanoma, oral malignant melanoma spots look like small, black-brown lesions with irregular borders. Apr 26, 2024 · Scarlet Fever. ♦ Ear pain. May 8, 2024 · Throat cancer can cause white patches, a lump in the throat or neck, ulcers, and other symptoms. a Jan 9, 2023 · External Causes. Angiokeratomas aren’t contagious. Aug 11, 2020 · A dark spot inside the mouth can also be caused by oral cancer, although this is extremely rare. This may appear initially as a swelling, but often by the second or third day it may discolor the face. These lesions may cause burning, pain or other discomfort. The pigmentation appears as blue, black, or brown spots or streaks. It could be from a burn, chapped lips or holding cigarettes in your mouth. Symptoms include white patches or lacy threads on the inside of your cheeks. Fungal Infection. The lesion was fully excised, and histological examination reported a “common blue nevus. 10 Other oral mucosal sites may also be involved. A small blue-black discoloration on the underside of the tongue may be a tattoo caused by a fragment of dental amalgam filling material, which contains silver, becoming stuck in the tongue. Mar 29, 2023 · Smoking. Hamartomas can be found anywhere from the stomach to the rectum, but they are mostly found in the small intestine. Oral nevi. This is a condition that can cause dark spots to develop on the lips, gums, or inside the cheeks. It will gradually disappear over a week or two. The blue nevus is usually asymptomatic, considered benign, with color variations of gray, brown, slate-blue, and blue-black in color and rarely measures over 6 mm. leukoplakia. If your dentist suspects oral cancer, they will perform a biopsy Jun 6, 2022 · Oral hyperpigmentation associated with Addison disease occurs in over 90% of patients and may precede other manifestations of the disease by up to 10 years. The most common cause of dark spots on the penis is penile melanosis. The common blue naevus is usually 0. Some antibiotics, antimalarials, antipsychotics, and anticancer drugs can also cause black spots on the gums. Among these, chlorpromazine, minocycline, and quinidine have presented this Jul 30, 2023 · The amalgam from the filling can sometimes bleed out and stain the soft tissues of your gums, causing a black spot to appear. May 24, 2023 · Discharge that’s yellow, green, black, white or gray. Oct 8, 2021 · A number of things can cause low platelet count, including viral infections, leukemia and other cancers, heavy alcohol consumption, and taking certain medications. Many different things can cause petechiae, and some are serious. This butterfly has black wings with blue spots and a red abdomen. E is for Evolving. As it progresses, you may notice pain, ulcers, and bleeding around the dark spot. One of the most common reasons is a lack of good oral hygiene. Medical treatment for discolored lips may involve treating the underlying condition causing your lip discoloration. Get your appointment with the expert dentists here at PDFP. ” If you have melasma you’re probably experiencing light brown, dark brown and/or blue-gray patches on your skin. Symptoms include: white spots, bumps, or patches on the inside surfaces of the mouth. It may be due to sun exposure, vitamin deficiency, hormone-related issues, and even an excess of iron in the body. These are harmless black spots that can occur on the gums, tongue, or inside the cheeks. Apr 10, 2020 · Summary. In this case, we intend to present a rare lesion of the oral cavity and the Jun 11, 2018 · A purple tongue or one with a blueish tint could indicate a problem with your health, from a vitamin deficiency to adrenal gland problem. smooth, red spots of irregular shape on the top and sides of the tongue. Atala. May 29, 2024 · 13 causes of a spot on the lip. 1 They generally cause pain during eating, drinking, and brushing. Canker sores are oral ulcers that often appear as small white or yellow bumps with red, inflamed borders. It can also be a sign of insufficient oxygen in the blood Jan 9, 2024 · Don’t keep wondering and worrying about those black dots on your teeth. A is for Asymmetry. ly wk nf gv xy wt wv pr fh ou